We met old Juan Lopez at a diner on
the edge of the suburban "industrial park." The diner
had been constructed out of brick in the 1950s and the building
looked tired and out of date. We sat in a booth in the back for
privacy. Butch and Celina Rodriguez had driven over in his Cadillac
while I made a pit-stop at my mother's and got cleaned up. I dressed
for organizing; work boots, black jeans, a flannel shirt and my
black leather union jacket.
When I got there, I could smell pancakes and strong coffee. Butch
had already knocked back a big breakfast, but Celina and Juan were
still picking at theirs because they had spent more time talking
than eating. I ordered the Haybailer's Breakfast which included
virtually everything on the menu. I was profligate with the money
because I knew Butch was putting it all on the union account. I
could tell the waitress didn't like serving people in serial order;
first Juan, then Celina and Butch, and then me. I knew Butch would
fix her up with a big tip.
"This here is our inside committee," Butch said and pointed
a butter knife at Juan.
Juan nodded and smiled at me. He had a mouthful of gold teeth and
a weathered look of decades of factory work. He was wearing a blue
factory uniform with his name stitched over his breast pocket. I
pegged his age at around 60, about the same age as Butch. Juan still
had jet black hair and sideburns. I liked him right away.
"Ready to rock and roll, huh, Juan?" I asked.
"We need the union very bad. We have lots of safety violations
on our machines. And they don't pay us nothin'."
Celina interviewed old Juan at length in Spanish. I savored the
taste of my hot sausages and bacon while she went over the situation
with Juan. She eventually pulled out a notebook and starting taking
notes. Butch, who sat across from me, kept nodding and winking at
me. I could read his mind. He thought he had an inside track and
the organizing campaign would be a sure thing. I knew otherwise,
because I had been a volunteer organizer for years. The likelihood
of success was remote because Glashauser had so much money and power.
When she and Juan finished, she thanked him in English. Juan stood
up and shook hands with me, then Butch, thanking us, too. Butch
hung on to his hand while he brought out a union card and swung
it around on the table in front of Juan.
"I need you to sign this before you go."
Juan looked at Celina and asked her in Spanish what the card was
all about. She frowned at Butch, then explained to Juan that he
was asking for union representation by the United Metalworkers.
He looked somewhat concerned but he signed the card, thanked us
all again, and departed.
"You're not supposed to shove the cards at them like that,"
said Celina.
"Why not? They want to join the union don't they?"
"Yes, but you should sign everyone up together at the first
meeting."
"What's the difference?"
"So, they get a collective sense of power from doing it. When
they all sign individually, they're all scared they're sticking
their necks out."
"Don't take for Gospel everything they teach you at the AFL-CIO
organizing school. I know what I'm doing. I've been at this for
years. You're supposed to learn from me," said Butch. I rolled
my eyes. Celina caught it and laughed. Butch didn't and wanted in
on the joke. "What's so funny?"
"You are."
"I am. Right. That guy is no good anyways. Did you see how
reluctant he was to sign that card?"
Celina looked in my direction.
"Give me a break. He's a good guy. I can feel
it," I said.
"I don't think so."
Celina excused herself to use the washroom. Butch glanced in the
direction she had taken, and once he was sure she was out of earshot,
said, "Pretty hot stuff, huh?"
"She's too young for you Butch."
"Who says?" and he cackled like a maniac. Then the lightbulb
went on. "She's too old for you, too."
I was 45, but I wondered.
"You think she's tough enough for this kind of
work?" I asked.
"Sure. Why not? I think it's mainly women working in there
at Parliament. We're gonna need a woman organizer. Especially somebody
who talks Spanish."
"She just seems so inexperienced."
"We'll break her in. She won't be a virgin when we're done."
Butch smiled obscenely.
"You know sometimes you make me sick."
"Ahh, lighten up. Would you please? I not in the mood for
your sensitive, bleeding heart liberal crap this morning."
"Fuck you. I'm not a liberal. I'm a revolutionary
socialist."
Butch leaned across the table and affected a look of intense concentration.
"Fuck you, too. You're an unemployed, radical shit-stirrer.
You're a fucking Communist, is what you are. Good thing Communism
is dead, or I'd be scared."
We both laughed. And then he added, "And that's why you're
so good at union organizing."
"Seriously. You think she's tough enough for
this shit?"
"She's not what you think."
"What do I think?"
"You think she's some Chicano girl from Texas."
"Chicana."
"Chicana, Chicano, whatever. She's Harvard educated."
Butch studied my face. "Hah. Never guessed that did you?"
"How do you know that?"
"She told me."
Celina returned. "What are you guys arguing about? I could
hear you all the way across the room."
"Union strategy," Butch replied. He pulled out a big
wad of flyers from beneath his coat. He had printed them on red
paper. One side presented the standard AFL-CIO rap for joining a
union, the other side was a union card to be filled out. "We'll
hand these out in front of Parliament today."
"That's not a good idea," I said.
Butch looked at me. Then with very calm deliberate motions reached
inside his coat and pulled out his cigarettes. The first one of
the day. His doctor had him carefully rationed to one pack a day.
"OK, I'll bite. Why is it a bad idea?"
"Because you'll tip off Glashauser that a union drive is going
on. He'll call in the union buster business consultants as soon
as he sees the flyers," Celina said.
"Bingo," I said sipping my strong black coffee.
Butch exhaled a lung full of smoke straight up over our heads.
"So, what do we do?"
"Sneak around the factory and collect all the license plate
numbers we can find. Then have the union run them through the State
of Illinois. Then we call on all those folks at home. After we talk
to them at home, we'll know what the issues are inside the factory.
When we know the issues, we hand out a flyer calling for action
on those issues. The same day we call a meeting. We form our inside
committee at the meeting. Then we go from there to get two-thirds
signed up on cards, then ask for an election from the labor board."
Celina smiled when she finished.
"You must have gotten straight A's in school,"
I said.
Two weeks later Celina and I waited around in the union hall for
the Parliament Electronics workers to show up for their first organizing
meeting. The union hall, in reality, was a rented VFW meeting room
with poor lighting and ventilation. We had set up a multitude of
folding steel chairs. Outside, the trees were blanketed in cold
November mist and fog.
"You ever wonder why Glashauser named the place Parliament?"
Celina asked.
"Sounded fancy, I suppose."
"I think he had ideological reasons for it."
"Like what?"
"It sounds democratic. The longest lasting dictatorships always
have lots of democratic window dressing."
"Learn that at Harvard did we?"
"It's true."
"Yeah. You're right. I can't argue it."
"Can I ask you a question Peter?"
"Sure. But you can call me Pete."
"Why do you always act distant around me?" She smiled.
But I could tell she was nervous. She stood in the middle of a jumble
of chairs with her arms tightly folded across her chest.
"I like you Celina. But I can't figure out if
you're fish or fowl."
"What?" She frowned, bushy eyebrows raised high.
"Your father was a farm worker in California, right? Where'd
he get the money to send his daughter to Harvard? You speak perfect
uninflected English. And when you're speaking Spanish it sounds
very refined. It doesn't sound like street Spanish."
She smiled. "Oh. Yeah, my father was a grape picker. My mother
is white. My family, from her side, is from San Francisco. My grandfather
owned a big insurance company. So, yeah, my father was very poor,
and my mother's family was wealthy."
"You must have had a very strange home life."
"Not really. They got divorced before I turned one. My father
died in a bar fight in Oakland. My mother raised me."
"Did she speak Spanish?"
"No. She met my father at one of the rallies for the United
Farm Workers. I learned Spanish in school. My name was Collins until
I went to college. I changed it to my father's name my senior year.
So, yeah, you're right, I'm not really part of anybody's world.
I see that in you, too."
"Me? How so?"
"You're an intellectual but you work in a factory. You're
neither fish nor fowl either. You play mind games with Butch. He
doesn't know what you're talking about half the time. When you kid
him about waiting for a phone call from the Fourth International
for the day's orders, he thinks it's a joke."
"It is a joke."
"Yeah, but the Fourth International really does
exist doesn't it?"
"Yeah. But it's just a joke."
"Butch doesn't know that it exists."
"What Butch doesn't know won't hurt him."
"Butch won't ever have to worry about being hurt,
then."
"He's not college educated, but he's a sharp guy."
"He's a very sexist guy."
"Yeah, and nobody is going to change that. He
gets the job done."
"He's not exactly diplomatic when it comes to
dealing with people."
"That's because he's not a diplomat. He's a union
organizer."
"Looks like you're the organizer. He relies on you to do the
thinking and planning."
"Yeah, but we both do the shit work."
"He's overly judgmental. He jumps to conclusions. He knows
everything. He's got a big bullshit story about everything. And
he doesn't respect women. He's a pain in the ass to work with. And
he's just plain dumb."
"He's not dumb. He just doesn't see the big picture. I'm telling
you, he's a good guy, especially when things get tough and everybody
else wants to quit."
"I don't understand what you see in him."
"You will."
Mostly Mexican women showed up for the meeting. Juan Lopez and
his nephew, Fernando Garcia, were the only two Mexican men. Fernando
was about Celina's age. He was classically tall, dark, and handsome.
And he smiled a lot. A half-dozen young white workers showed up.
They were classics, too. Long hair, tattoos, jeans, flannel shirts,
and work boots made them industrially interchangeable. One middle-aged,
white guy, Gene, did stand out. He was rotund and had a conservative
haircut. I took one look at him, and knew he was trouble.
The organizing campaign had gone according to plan up to that point.
Using Celina's detailed notes, we understood what was happening
in each department in the factory. We knew how many people worked
in each department, their genders, their nationalities, and whether
they seemed to be pro or anti union. We knew the issues; unsafe
working conditions, no say in how they did their jobs, no medical
benefits, and lousy pay.
We had paid house visits to about half the workers we had identified
via their license plate numbers. The overwhelming majority of the
Parliament workers wanted a union to represent them. We had distributed
a flyer which hammered away at the issues in front of the factory
on the day of the meeting. The flyer had brought out a lot of people
we hadn't been able to reach. We wanted to get everyone to sign
union cards at the meeting, form an inside committee, then petition
the company for an election through the labor board. We had been
lucky so far, the company apparently didn't know what was happening.
After we passed out the flyer, we became public knowledge, and we
could expect the company to strike back.
Butch brought the meeting to order. That took some doing. None
of those folks had probably ever previously attended a public meeting,
let alone a union meeting. For most of them, church, the Cinco de
Mayo parade, or sporting events represented their only experience
of public gatherings.
"Brothers and sisters, we're here today to form the union
to represent you in your dealings with the company."
"Can they fire us for joining the union?" a Mexican woman
asked. Dressed in a t-shirt and jeans, she looked to be about 60.
"That's illegal. You have a right to join a labor union to
represent you. That's Federal law."
"Who's gonna represent us?" Another woman
asked.
"You are. You are the union. We'll send you to school to learn
how to bargain for a contract and how to defend that contract with
grievances. After today the company will have to follow procedures
and rules when dealing with people. Everybody gets treated the same
after today."
They continued to pepper Butch with questions for over an hour.
But he had it down pat. I had seen the same performance a dozen
times. He peppered them back with his own questions, "You folks
think you got the balls to stand up to the company? You know unions
aren't for sissies. You gotta have a backbone if you wanna be union.
You think you got what it takes to be union?"
By the end of his performance he had some of the young kids standing
on their chairs shouting in unison, "Union, union," while
pumping clenched fist salutes in the air. Of course, I got the clenched
fist thing going early on, while applauding points that people made.
Celina applauded and yelled too. But I could tell she was studying
the Butch and Peter show. I think that's when it dawned on her that
Butch wasn't just a hack. He really wanted those folks to have a
better life. Butch asked for volunteers for the inside committee.
Everybody except Gene put up their hands.
Butch continued to work the congregation up to a fever, "Are
we gonna take the company's crap anymore?" Simultaneously they
shouted, "Hell no." Then Butch demanded, "Will you
all sign union cards?" They swarmed to Celina who held the
cards aloft over her head.
Gene sat back alone with his hand politely raised. Butch, not one
for recognizing trouble when he saw it, called on him. Gene stood
up and quietly asked, "How do we know God wants us to join
this here union."
"God's in favor of unions," Butch replied.
Celina stared at Butch. She worked hard at producing a look of
overdone exasperation.
"We don't know that. If God wanted us to join a union, there
would already be one there. "
"No. You gotta form the union," Butch answered patiently.
"It's OK with God."
I could sense the steam starting to leak out of the crowd. "What
do you want from us, Gene?" I demanded.
"I just think we're overlooking God's role in this."
Butch picked up on new tact. "What's it say in the Bible about
unions, Gene? I bet you know the Bible backwards and forwards."
"I do. And it don't say nothing about unions."
"Well, then, it's ok," said Butch.
"No, it ain't. We should wait for a sign from
God."
Now Celina was eyeballing Gene with the same look she had used
on Butch. The workers paused in their signing activities. Sensing
that Gene had brought us to a critical juncture, I said, "I
think we should sign the cards because we haven't received any sign
that we shouldn't."
Gene was the only person who didn't sign a card.
That evening, after having yet another restaurant dinner with Butch,
Celina stopped by the trailer instead of just heading back to her
motel room as she usually did.
"I should take you out to the rock quarry on the edge of town."
I leaned back on the side cushions around my bed. I usually slept
in a bunk on the other end of my decrepit trailer. That night I
had folded down the kitchen table put away or threw away all the
junk, and had folded out the full bed. We were both fully clothed.
Celina in jeans, socks, and a union t-shirt. My clothes paralleled
hers with the exception of my mismatched socks. I had all the lights
out. The only light came from the television.
"Rock quarry? What for?" I watched her languid movements
from behind as she nestled down her head on her arm after having
propped it up for quite some time. My portable color TV bathed us
in the flickering electronic light. If I reached out, I could have
touched her hair.
"Go skinny-dipping. What else?"
She indolently turned around, flashed me a wicked smile and said,
"It's too cold."
An intuitive flash told me that we had reached the continental
divide of our relationship. She stretched out, flexing her legs,
then her back, then her arms. I watched. I sensed that it could
go either way that moment. She was willing to take it in either
direction. The lurid light from the TV shimmered through her hair.
"Why do you live like this?"
"Like what?"
"Like this." She opened her arms to encompass the interior
of trailer. "Like a bum." She didn't sound judgmental.
Just honest.
I shoved my way past her and up off the bed. She looked up at me
with a look of concern. She sat up briefly, then laid back.
"I don't know. I gave up, I guess."
"I didn't mean to offend you. You have the right to live anyway
you want."
"I'm not offended." I drank the last of some very strong,
very bitter, fast food coffee out of a paper cup. Then I lit one
of Butch's cigarettes that I had bummed.
"You don't smoke."
"Oh, yeah. In past lives I have. This is just one of the ghosts
coming up."
"You talk like you're an old man."
"I'm gettin' there."
She slumped back down, with her head propped up again. She just
looked at me. I stubbed out the cigarette in the coffee after a
few hits.
"I live like this because I'm too chickenshit to move forward
with my life anymore. I need to find something meaningful to do
with myself if I want to continue to grow. Guess I'm at that proverbial
turn in the road. Only this time around, I get the feeling if I
don't take the turn, I'm not getting any more chances."
Celina sat up again. She brushed her fingers against my arm. "Please
hand me my beer."
"You know, kid, I get the feeling you're wondering about your
job, too."
"I'm always on the road. I'm always staying in a hotel. I'm
always losing union elections. I'm always saying goodbye to good
people, and I know when I leave town their employer is going to
fire them for standing up for themselves." She recited her
words like a litany. In the faint light I watched her stare vacantly
at her beer bottle.
I pulled on my workboots.
"What are you doing?"
"Puttin' on my shoes, so I can drive you back
to your hotel."
We all got together again on voting day. The labor board held the
election on-site at Parliament. The campaign had taken several heavy
hits after the organizing meeting but the workers faltered ahead
with the help of the three of us, Butch, Celina, and myself. First,
the company called in the union buster consultants. This was a Loop
law firm of douchebags who lived in Lincoln Park and wealthy suburbs
like Barrington Hills and Inverness. These guys played golf with
Alexander Glashauser while the folks he paid minimum wage ran unsafe
punch presses during the torrid summer days in his noisy factory.
First the lawyers called in the Federal Immigration Agency, "La
Migra" as the workers called them. A lot of our women supporters
found themselves clutching one-way-tickets on the bus to Mexico.
Some of their children had been born in the USA and could prove
it, so they didn't have to go. Some of the spouses were legal too.
The resulting havoc of split-up families served as a cautionary
omen to those who hadn't made up their minds about voting for the
union.
Then they fired Juan Lopez for poor job performance. Butch got
him a union lawyer and pitched a bitch with the labor board over
an illegal firing. Butch thought they could get it resolved in six
months, maybe. Meanwhile Juan was out of a job. The union offered
to put him on full time as an organizer until they resolved his
case, but he went sullen and turned down the offer. Celina, who
was spending a lot of time with Juan's nephew, Fernando, tried working
on him via the family, but she was unsuccessful.
They made a couple of the white kids into foremen, which took them
out of the voting because now they were management. For awhile it
looked like the whole thing would come apart.
With Juan gone, our inside committee dwindled to seven really tough
Mexican women. They ranged in age from 23 to 61, they were legal,
and they intended to fight it out with Glashauser and Parliament
until the last bullet. They helped us call on people in the evening
at their homes, and they handed out the flyers that blasted the
company for splitting up families.
The company managed to get the union vote pushed out into the future
by filing different complaints with the labor board. Meanwhile they
unleashed an unremitting anti-union terror campaign in the factory
complete with mandatory anti-meetings, posters, bumper stickers,
and rewards of overtime and secret pay raises for the weak-minded
and disciplinary action for anyone suspected of being pro-union.
Butch filed complaints on the illegal stuff the company did, but
the labor board would never get to the cases in the same decade
they were filed.
On voting day, we met at Rocky's Bar and Grill after the conclusion
of the first shift at Parliament. We had held meetings there previously
because Rocky was an old steelworker and he welcomed the business.
I didn't like it because everybody had full access to booze before,
during, and after the meeting. Butch always asked Rocky to go "slow
serve" until the meeting was completed.
The first guy in the door that day was Gene. He was wearing a union
button. "Got the sign, huh?" I asked.
"Indeed I did, Peter."
Celina and Fernando arrived next, arm in arm. "You know Juan
went against us, man?" said Fernando.
"What?" I felt personally betrayed.
"Yeah. It's true. He's got his job back with
the company."
"I told you he was no fucking good," said Butch.
"What happened?" I asked.
Fernando waved Butch and myself over to the barstools where he
and Celina had roosted. I thought the kid looked really good for
herself that day. The other workers were drifting into the bar now,
and Juan apparently didn't want his story to be on the public record.
"You know you got a friend, Peter. His name is Bad Bob."
I looked at Butch. Any story with Bad Bob in it was bad fucking
news. Somebody got shot. Somebody got cut. Somebody went to jail.
"He's not actually my friend. We're just acquaintances."
"I don't think so," said Fernando.
"OK, OK. Friends, acquaintances, what's the difference,"
said Butch.
"Yeah, yeah. What happened?" I asked.
"Juan goes to your buddy, Bad Bob, and asks to
buy a kilo of coke."
"How do you know that?" I asked.
"Bad Bob told me this morning. He stopped us
in the parking lot."
Celina nodded in affirmation. "He asked me if I was the union
organizer helping you." She pointed to me. "I said, yeah.
Then he said..."
Fernando interrupted her, "Let me tell it. It's my story."
"Go ahead," she said.
"Then he said, 'You tell that fucking MacNaughton that he
owes me a big one."
"Owe him what?" I asked.
"He said that he knew Juan had been fired and didn't have
any money. He asked Juan where he got all the money to buy a kilo
of coke. Juan got smart with him. So, Bob pulled his gun and took
him over to the machine shed in back of Parliament. He hung him
upside down from a motor shaft and told him if he didn't say where
he got the money he was going to turn on the motor. Juan was scared
shitless, so he told."
"Yeah." Butch and I both hated the relaxed pace the story
insisted on taking.
"He got the money from Parliament. They wanted Juan to stick
dope in your trailer."
Then they were going to call the police. They offered to give Juan
his job back if he did it."
"Fuck me," was all I could verbalize.
"No, fuck them," Butch said, loud enough to get the attention
of the folks at surrounding tables. "I'm taking this shit to
the police."
"Whoa. You can't do that, man. You'll get Bob in trouble.
That's not how I repay favors."
Butch yanked his sports coat down hard. "Goddamn."
"So, Juan. He's OK?" I asked.
"Oh, yeah. He walked around all day with a big
No-Union button."
"And two shiners," added Celina.
Fernando laughed, "Yeah, Bad Bob kicked the shit
out of him."
The meeting was dismal one. One of the Mexican women brought the
results over to the bar after second shift had voted. We lost the
election 122 to 101. We had no doubt there would be another round
of reprisals in a couple of months. The union buster lawyers usually
recommended waiting until the union stuff had died down completely,
before firing, one by one, everyone who had participated in the
organizing committee. Fernando went looking for another job the
next day.
Celina was ordered to Alabama to help on another campaign. But
she had caught on to the losing strategy of the AFL-CIO, which consisted
of; pump up the workers, follow the rules no matter how badly they
were stacked against you, watch the workers get crushed, then abandon
the workers when they lost the vote. Precisely the opposite way
the CIO had signed up millions of people in the 1930s. Mobilizing
people for mass direct action scared the shit out of the bureaucrats
who owned the AFL-CIO.
So, she quit. She got a job in the Loop as an administrative assistant
for an environmental attorney. She and Fernando moved in together
to an apartment on the near Northwest Side of Chicago in Humboldt
Park. I was happy for her and glad I hadn't given in to temptation
the night she watched TV in my trailer. We both needed to move on
and follow our own stars.
I cleaned out my trailer, and bought a newspaper to look at want
ads. Celina had provided the necessary impetus I needed to find
a career that made sense and got me off the road to nowhere. Butch
called and informed me he had gotten my old job back. I told him
I wouldn't be needing it.
I bought Bad Bob a steak dinner in a nice restaurant under the
L tracks on South Wabash down in Chicago's Loop. We talked about
the old neighborhood until after midnight. The next day I put the
trailer up for sale. Parliament fired Juan one last time. |